{"id":538,"date":"2011-11-21T17:25:29","date_gmt":"2011-11-21T17:25:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/?page_id=538"},"modified":"2026-03-06T21:16:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T21:16:44","slug":"the-ecology-of-childhood-2-3-early-intervention","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/the-ecology-of-childhood-2-3-early-intervention\/","title":{"rendered":"EC 2.3 Integrating environments for children and families"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" src=\"http:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/files\/2011\/11\/RRCbridge-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Young smiling child looking through stair railings. \" class=\"wp-image-4915\" title=\"RRCbridge\" srcset=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/files\/2011\/11\/RRCbridge-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/files\/2011\/11\/RRCbridge.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2007, the Early Years Study 2 (McCain et al.) review the scientific principles of early human development and how to put the research into practice. The report recommended&nbsp;the integration of early childhood and family programs. Chapter four, titled <em>Chaos,<\/em>&nbsp;describes the situation in Canada when the report was written. Read section 2.2, <em>A Tangle of Roles and Responsibilities<\/em>, and 2.3, <em>Early Childhood Program Integration<\/em> (McCain et al., 2007, pp. 112 &#8211; 114) and consider&nbsp;whether or not their concerns are still accurate, a number of years later.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-read-dHReI wp-block-lazyblock-read\"><div class=\"read context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/earlyyearsstudy.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EYS2.pdf#page=107\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">READ<\/span><span class=\"tap-description\">Early Years Study 2: Chapter 4 sections 2.2 and 2.3<\/span><\/span>      \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following narrated slide (McCain et al., 2007, p. 114) illustrates the tangle of roles and responsibilities among different levels of governments and the chaos of programs and services that confront families. How does it resonate with your experiences, in your community?<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-interact-XymxT wp-block-lazyblock-interact\"><div class=\"interact-link context-container\">\n  <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/hscsr.rrc.ca\/secd\/interactions\/chaos-slideWithAudio\/chaosSlideNarrated.html\" class=\"tap-container interact\">\n    <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"tap-content\">\n      <span class=\"tap-label\">INTERACT<\/span>\n      <span class=\"tap-description\">Chaos<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-Z2rSajc wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider the array of early childhood programs in your community:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What does each program offer?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What are the eligibility criteria and how accessible is the program to families?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is there a cost to families?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What kind of government funding is provided and what department does it come from?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What requirements does each program have to meet in terms of staff qualifications, space, child-adult ratio and so forth?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How does the delivery of early childhood programs differ from the delivery of public education?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider the advantages and challenges of integrating early childhood programs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A comprehensive, integrated approach is a common characteristic of effective early interventions. For example, the Carolina Abecedarian Project discussed on the previous page, offers programming that combines health, early childhood education, non-parental care, home-visiting, and parenting supports to participants. Explore the Community of Change website to learn more about how such a program has been implemented in the Lord Selkirk Park community in Winnipeg Manitoba.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-explore-ZUMT8m wp-block-lazyblock-explore\"><div class=\"explore context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/communityofchange.org\/\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">EXPLORE<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Community of Change<\/span>\n         \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-2omIuv wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How is the Lord Selkirk Park Child Care Centre an example of an integrated early childhood program?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What are the benefits for children?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What are the benefits for parents, or for staff?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What parents do is therefore vitally important and can&nbsp;counteract other disadvantaging influences, particularly during pre-school. For this&nbsp;reason pre-school and school settings that do not include provision for parent support&nbsp;and education are missing an important element in raising achievement and enhancing&nbsp;social\/behavioural development over the longer term&#8221; (Sylva et al., 2008, p. vii).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Effective Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) studied the long term impact of participation in an early childhood education program. It was&nbsp;the first large European longitudinal study of a sample of young children\u2019s development between the ages of three and fourteen years. The initial study, along with the numerous extensions and projects provided valuable insight into the importance not only of children&#8217;s home settings and of various early childhood settings independently, but also of links between home and early childhood education settings through parental involvement. Successfully and meaningfully integrating environments for children and families certainly must include the child&#8217;s home (Sylva et al., 2012). In fact, a case study analysis showed that high quality, effective early childhood settings encourage parents to be involved and the educators and parents communicate regularly about children&#8217;s progress (Taggart et al., 2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sylva et al. (2012) outline several ways that people outside of the preschool setting, such as parents and other family and community members can help children do well throughout their school years:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>supporting and encouraging children and instilling in them a sense that they can be successful<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>creating direct and indirect learning opportunities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>modelling for children that education is valued and how to achieve one&#8217;s goals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers explain that disadvantaged children for whom success is less likely can manage to succeed against the odds and they explain that parents play a key role in this success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parents hold the key to many of children\u2019s experiences, not just\u00a0through their own interactions with the child and their involvement with school and learning but\u00a0also for the learning opportunities they facilitate through their choices about children\u2019s\u00a0experiences in other micro-systems such as schools, extra-curricular activities, community\u00a0involvement and contact with extended family\u201d (Sylva et al., 2012, p. 130).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following slides show some highlights from the EPPE studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-ZOTUN6 wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How can the Lord Selkirk Park program and the EPPE results be viewed using Bronfenbrenner&#8217;s ecological model? Think about two important microsystems for many children &#8211; home and early childhood program &#8211; as well as the mesosystem connecting the two.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-further-full-ZTd5ac wp-block-lazyblock-further-full\"><div class=\"further-full\">\n<div class=\"wtkm\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Explore the website below to see reports and research abstracts for the study results that followed the children from ages 3 into adolescence.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-explore-tG9na wp-block-lazyblock-explore\"><div class=\"explore context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/ioe\/research\/featured-research\/eppse-publications\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">EXPLORE<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">University College London &#8211; Effective Pre-School, Primary and Secondary Education project Publications<\/span>\n         \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8230;Researchers still need to focus, not only on children\u2019s experiences when they are in nonparental care facilities, but also on other aspects of the broader ecology, including the intersection between parental and nonparental care&#8221; (Ahnert and Lamb, 2018, para. 3).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sure Start in the United Kingdom is an example of a community early intervention program that joins together individual programs and services. &nbsp;Learn about Sure Start, its evaluation, and how it too was influenced by earlier EPPE findings.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-read-7roFD wp-block-lazyblock-read\"><div class=\"read context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.child-encyclopedia.com\/integrated-early-childhood-development-services\/according-experts\/sure-start-and-its-evaluation\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">READ<\/span><span class=\"tap-description\">Sure Start<\/span><\/span>      \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-LK7O7 wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What did Sure Start research demonstrate about service integration?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How did evaluation lead to adaptations to the original program?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caring and learning together<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historically, programs for young children and formal education have developed separately, with different systems of governance, funding streams, and training for staff.&nbsp;In the next reading, find out about the historical split between early education and child care programs and the advantages of integrated system of early childhood education and care systems.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-read-26dzVC wp-block-lazyblock-read\"><div class=\"read context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.child-encyclopedia.com\/child-care-early-childhood-education-and-care\/according-experts\/early-childhood-education-and-care\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">READ<\/span><span class=\"tap-description\">Early childhood education and care systems<\/span><\/span>      \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-1ryPNd wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do you think teachers and early childhood educators can work together as partners?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What are the advantages of locating early childhood education programs in public schools?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-further-full-Z1gO12H wp-block-lazyblock-further-full\"><div class=\"further-full\">\n<div class=\"wtkm\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UNESCO conducted a cross-national study on the integration of early childhood and education within education in six jurisdictions.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-read-Fzs6J wp-block-lazyblock-read\"><div class=\"read context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/images\/0018\/001878\/187818e.pdf\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">READ<\/span><span class=\"tap-description\">Learning and caring together<\/span><\/span>      \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two Canadian initiatives, Toronto First Duty (TFD) and Better Beginnings Better Futures (BBBF) studied how to integrate programs and demonstrated benefits for children and families. TFD principle investigator Dr. Carl Corter at the Institute for Child Study at University of Toronto and BBBF principle investigator Dr. Ray Peters at Queen&#8217;s University describe what they learned from TFD and BBBF in the following article.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-read-Z4UBFS wp-block-lazyblock-read\"><div class=\"read context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.child-encyclopedia.com\/integrated-early-childhood-development-services\/according-experts\/integrated-early-childhood\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">READ<\/span><span class=\"tap-description\">Integrated early childhood services in Canada<\/span><\/span>      \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Better Beginnings Better Futures&nbsp;examined the impact of integrated services in eight economically disadvantaged communities in Ontario Canada.&nbsp;It was designed to reduce emotional and behavioural problems, promote optimal development and learning, strengthen families and build community capacity. Five of the communities focused on younger children from zero to four-years-old and three communities focused on older children, ages four to eight-years-old. In Ontario, children may begin public school at four years of age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Listen now as Peters explains the&nbsp;BBBF program.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-1bosu4 wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; Better Beginnings, Better Futures (1:44)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197852?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-better-beginnings-better-futures-bbbf-140\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; Better Beginnings, Better Futures &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the next clip, Peters describes how the research was designed to measure if children, families, programs and society benefited from BBBF.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z9fM7V wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; research design (2:13)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197872?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-research-design-209\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; research design &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-rk7kW wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider the differences between qualitative, quantitative and cost-benefit research. How does that affect your understanding of research results?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Describe the community involvement and service integration goals of BBBF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peters emphasizes parent involvement in BBBF. What do you think he means?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the next three clips, Peters describes the immediate and longer term findings for children in the BBBF communities compared to those in the matched communities. Some of the findings are surprising considering the importance of experiences in children&#8217;s earliest years.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-11m1tc wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; short term findings (0:44)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197904?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-short-term-findings-040\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; short term findings &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-T5dMY wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; longitudinal findings (2:41)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197899?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-longitudinal-findings-237\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; longitudinal findings &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z1N7bks wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; younger children (1:29)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197917?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-younger-children-126\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; younger children &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-key-full-Z1dGJR0 wp-block-lazyblock-key-full\"><div class=\"key-full\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Peters et al. (2010), the longitudinal research findings in the three BBBF communities where the focus was on children four to eight-years-old point to the following positive impacts for the BBBF groups as compared to the control group, by the time the children were in grade 12:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Child outcomes &#8211; more regular exercise, higher average marks, lower usage of special education services, fewer property offences, and more community involvement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parent and family outcomes &#8211; among the parents there was less clinical depression, less alcohol consumption, and fewer homes with at least one smoker.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Community outcomes &#8211; participants described their neighbourhoods as more cohesive; with less drug use, violence, and theft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Societal outcomes &#8211; provincial government savings of approximately $4500 per family in each community by Grade 12 related to reduced education and social service costs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-2wH91L wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How does Peters explain the stronger child outcomes for the children in the older BBBF sites than for the children in the younger sites?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Does the evidence from BBBF support moving early childhood programs into the public education system? Why or why not?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Why do you think that fewer children in the BBBF&nbsp;communities needed special education services than in the comparison communities?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-further-full-iyxwn wp-block-lazyblock-further-full\"><div class=\"further-full\">\n<div class=\"wtkm\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peters explains a resource that compiles a tool kit for establishing BBBF types of programming linked to public schools.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Zb0gA9 wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Peters &#8211; BBBF resource (1:19)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90197867?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-peters-bbbf-resource-115\/\" target=\"_blank\">Peters &#8211; BBBF resource &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Research continues to demonstrate the effectiveness of a full day of learning within a seamless and integrated environment. This environment includes before-and-after-school care and services for children and families under one central hub as envisioned by the late Charles Pascal in the 2009 report, &#8220;With our Best Future in Mind&#8221;. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toronto First Duty (TFD) studied the integration of kindergarten, child care, and parenting support services into a single program for preschool children (0 to 6 years old) and their families in the greater Toronto area.&nbsp;Corter discusses the TFD main research findings.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-9h4D4 wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Corter &#8211; TFD summary report (2:51)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90190468?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-corter-tfd-summary-report-247\/\" target=\"_blank\">Corter &#8211; TFD summary report &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The TFD project tries to eliminate the transitions many children and families experience as they juggle child care and school arrangements. Some call it a &#8220;seamless day&#8221;. Corter discusses this and the benefits for all involved.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z22123Y wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Corter &#8211; seamless day (2:29)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90190484?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-corter-seamless-day-225\/\" target=\"_blank\">Corter &#8211; seamless day &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-Z25ge2Q wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What does a seamless day mean for parents?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How does integrating kindergarten and child care into a seamless day benefit children?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do you think similar benefits would be seen if programs in your community adopted a similar seamless day approach?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-further-full-EVreP wp-block-lazyblock-further-full\"><div class=\"further-full\">\n<div class=\"wtkm\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the questions raised about integrated programs is how do teachers, child care workers and family resource workers, who traditionally function in separate programs with different, although related goals, practices and professional cultures work together in one program? Corter discusses what the research revealed in the next clip.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z1wgLEW wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Corter &#8211; working together (3:14)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90190643?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-corter-working-together-310\/\" target=\"_blank\">Corter &#8211; working together &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The TFD research studied how effective the program was at reaching all families living in a community. Corter discusses the findings.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-UPi5B wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Corter &#8211; outreach (1:32)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90190538?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-corter-outreach-132\/\" target=\"_blank\">Corter &#8211; outreach &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The TFD research team used a mixed method approach that blended quantitative and qualitative data. Using numbers and narratives, the team was able to report on how TFD evolved as well as what difference it made to children, families, staff and communities. To get a better understanding of the&nbsp;TFD project, visit their website.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-explore-2hUeWK wp-block-lazyblock-explore\"><div class=\"explore context-container\">\n   <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oise.utoronto.ca\/atkinson\/toronto-first-duty\" class=\"tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">EXPLORE<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Toronto First Duty<\/span>\n         \n      <\/div>\n   <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Early childhood development initiatives and health care<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Integrated programs, using the health care platform, are able to&nbsp;deliver services to the child and family as a whole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In much of the world, it is particularly valuable to&nbsp;combine early learning, nutrition and health care services&nbsp;when&nbsp;providing programs to children from birth to three-years and their families. The late Dr. Clyde Hertzman, founding director of the Human Early Learning Program (HELP) at the University of British Columbia,&nbsp;describes how the health care system can&nbsp;integrate services and reach families and children.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z1NNLuo wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Hertzman &#8211; health platform (1:42)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90192189?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-hertzman-health-platform-139\/\" target=\"_blank\">Hertzman &#8211; health platform &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dr. Zulfiqar Bhutta,&nbsp;founding director at the Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, at the Aga Khan University,&nbsp;conducts research in Pakistani communities. He recommends joining up the silos and using health care as a delivery platform.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-1sWCkO wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Bhutta &#8211; integrating health (2:39)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90180045?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-bhutta-integrating-health-237\/\" target=\"_blank\">Bhutta &#8211; integrating health &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the next two clips, paediatrician Dr. Neal Halfon, founding director of the University of California Los Angeles Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities, discusses how the current array of early childhood and family programs might join up with each other.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-Z1f0mxU wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Halfon &#8211; transitioning (2:36)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90193946?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-halfon-transitioning-232\/\" target=\"_blank\">Halfon &#8211; transitioning &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript-fw52N wp-block-lazyblock-watch-expand-transcript\"><div class=\"watch-expand expand-container context-container\">\n   <div class=\"watch tap-to-expand tap-container\">\n      <div class=\"tap-icon\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"tap-content\">\n         <span class=\"tap-label\">VIEW<\/span>\n         <span class=\"tap-description\">Halfon &#8211; levels of change (3:50)<\/span>\n        \n      <\/div>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"output-content collapse\" style=\"height: 0px;\">\n      <div class=\"vimeo-container\">\n         <iframe webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" src=\"\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/90193970?api=1\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n      <\/div><br>\n      <p><a href=\"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/transcript\/transcript-halfon-levels-of-change-346\/\" target=\"_blank\">Halfon &#8211; levels of change &#8211; Text Transcript<\/a><\/p>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"lazyblock-reflect-Z1p6lHs wp-block-lazyblock-reflect\"><div class=\"reflect\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What do you feel are the benefits of integrating environments for children and families?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Are there ways that in your community or context, services can be better integrated &#8211; and lessen the chaos? &nbsp;What are some examples of ways you can work towards making these changes?<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2007, the Early Years Study 2 (McCain et al.) review the scientific principles of early human development and how to put the research into practice. The report recommended&nbsp;the integration of early childhood and family programs. Chapter four, titled Chaos,&nbsp;describes the situation in Canada when the report was written. Read section 2.2, A Tangle of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":40,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-538","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=538"}],"version-history":[{"count":189,"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16344,"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/538\/revisions\/16344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.scienceofecd.com\/third-edition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}